The STM32 F4 discovery is an evaluation board for the ARM Cortex-M4 STM32F407VGT6 MCU.

This board has an integrated STLink compatible interface which can be configured to allow the programming of either the board itself or to program an external device.

As with all STM evaluation boards there is lengthy list of restrictions in place regarding what you can and can't do with an evaluation board. See this document.

 JP2 GND          STLINKv2 USB              GND JP3
     GND                                    GND
     
 CN2 SWD
  1 VDD_TARGET
  2 SWCLK                          CN3 ST-LINK
  3 GND                             x
  4 SWDIO                           x
  5 NRST                            x
  6 SWO                             x
  
GND   1  2 GND                      GND    1  2 GND
VDD   3  4 VDD                      5V     3  4 5V
GND   5  6 NRST                     3V     5  6 3V
PC1   7  8 PC0   JP1 STM32F407VG    PH0    7  8 PH1
PC3   9 10 PC2   idd                PC14   9 10 PC15
PA1  11 12 PA0                      PE6   11 12 PC13
PA3  13 14 PA2                      PE4   13 14 PE5
PA5  15 16 PA4                      PE2   15 16 PE3
PA7  17 18 PA6                      PE0   17 18 PE1
PC5  19 20 PC4       LEDS           PB8   19 20 PB9
PB1  21 22 PB0     ORANGE PD13      BOOT0 21 22 VDD
GND  23 24 PB2 GREEN PD12 RED PD14  PB6   23 24 PB7  
PE7  25 26 PE8       BLUE PD15      PB4   25 26 PB5
PE9  27 28 PE10                     PD7   27 28 PB3
PE11 29 30 PE12 USER PA0 RESET NRST PD5   29 30 PD6
PE13 31 32 PE14      BUTTONS        PD3   31 32 PD4
PE15 33 34 PB10                     PD1   33 34 PD2
PB11 35 36 PB12                     PC12  35 36 PD0
PB13 37 38 PB14                     PC10  37 38 PC11
PB15 39 40 PD8                      PA14  39 40 PA15
PD9  41 42 PD10                     PA10  41 42 PA13
PD11 43 44 PD12                     PA8   43 44 PA9
PD13 45 46 PD14                     PC8   45 46 PC9
PD15 47 48 NC                       PC6   47 48 PC7
GND  49 50 GND AUDIO OUT USB OTG    GND   49 50 GND

I2C1 SCL PB6 PB8
ICC1 SDA PB7 PB9

CN3 is used to configure either internal or external programming:

BOTH jumpers on: ST-LINK on board enabled, CN2 SWD disabled.
BOTH jumpers off: ST-LINK on board disabled, CN2 SWD enabled.

VCP on the board is supported, however, the pins were left unconnected and ST propose you use jumper leads to fix this oversight.

Install OpenCM3.

Install STLink programmer.

Enter the OpenCM3 fancy blink example's sub-directory and program the chip.

cd /embedded/arm-cortex/src/libopencm3-examples/examples/stm32/f4/stm32f4-discovery/fancyblink/
make PREFIX=/embedded/arm-cortex/gcc-arm-none-eabi-4_9-2015q1/bin/arm-none-eabi fancyblink.stlink-flash
 FLASH fancyblink.bin
 INFO src/stlink-usb.c: -- exit_dfu_mode
 INFO src/stlink-common.c: Loading device parameters....
 INFO src/stlink-common.c: Device connected is: F4 device, id 0x10016413
 INFO src/stlink-common.c: SRAM size: 0x30000 bytes (192 KiB), Flash: 0x100000 bytes (1024 KiB) in pages of 16384 bytes
 INFO src/stlink-common.c: Attempting to write 1364 (0x554) bytes to stm32 address: 134217728 (0x8000000)
EraseFlash - Sector:0x0 Size:0x4000
Flash page at addr: 0x08000000 erased
 INFO src/stlink-common.c: Finished erasing 1 pages of 16384 (0x4000) bytes
 INFO src/stlink-common.c: Starting Flash write for F2/F4
 INFO src/stlink-common.c: Successfully loaded flash loader in sram
size: 1364
 INFO src/stlink-common.c: Starting verification of write complete
 INFO src/stlink-common.c: Flash written and verified! jolly good!

Product page

User manual

Schematic

MCU datasheet

MCU reference manual