The 1wire bus supports various low speed digital devices and is supported in Linux on the Raspberry Pi.

Edit boot/config.txt to assign gpio4 for 1wire.

dtoverlay=w1-gpio,gpiopin=4

Reboot and after load driver.

modprobe w1_gpio

+-------+
| 1 2 3 |
+-------+
  | | |
  | | |
  
1 GROUND
2 DATA
3 POWER

modprobe w1_therm
cat /sys/bus/w1/devices/28-041460bdd6ff/w1_slave 
8f 01 55 00 7f ff 0c 10 a0 : crc=a0 YES
8f 01 55 00 7f ff 0c 10 a0 t=24937

+-------+
| 1 2 3 |
+-------+
  | | |
  | | |
  
1 GROUND
2 DATA
3 NC

modprobe w1_ds2431
echo "hello world" > /sys/bus/w1/devices/2d-00000de5d608/eeprom
cat /sys/bus/w1/devices/2d-00000de5d608/eeprom
hello world

DS18B20 Thermometer
DS2431 EEPROM