Optiboot is a stk500v1 compatible boot loader for AVR, generally used in Arduino boards.

https://github.com/Optiboot/optiboot
cd optiboot/optiboot/bootloaders/optiboot/
./makeall.arduino.sh

Here we program an ATMEGA328P using the USBasp like this.

avrdude -c usbasp -p ATMEGA328P -e -u -U lock:w:0xFF:m -U efuse:w:0xFD:m -U hfuse:w:0xDC:m -U lfuse:w:0xFF:m
avrdude -c usbasp -p ATMEGA328P -D -U flash:w:optiboot_atmega328.hex 
avrdude -c usbasp -p ATMEGA328P -u -U lock:w:0xcF:m